ESG performance and dividend payout ratio: the moderating role of debt-to-equity ratio in S&P 500
Thanaphat Arnat
Abstract This study examines the relationship between ESG performance and dividend payout ratios among S&P 500 and investigates the moderating role of the debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio on that relationship. Using a panel of 5,708 firm-year observations drawn from 483 S&P 500 firms over the period 2010–2024, sourced from t...
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- DOI: 10.58837/chula.is.2025.111